Your GST input credit is stuck: how to trace it
Work out why input tax credit you believe you are owed has not reached your electronic credit ledger and which of the causes you can actually fix.
The situation you are in
You have paid a supplier the full invoice including tax. Your books show input tax credit against that purchase. The credit does not appear in your ledger on the portal and your accountant cannot set it off. The gap sits there month after month and quietly becomes working capital you have lent to the system.
This is almost never a portal fault. Input credit under GST is not driven by what you paid. It is driven by what your supplier reported. Until the supply appears in the supplier's outward return and flows into your auto-drafted statement the credit has no existence as far as the ledger is concerned. Tracing it means finding where in that chain the invoice fell out.
What tracing costs and what it cannot recover
Tracing recovers nothing that the law blocks outright. Credit on categories excluded by the GST Act stays excluded however neatly you document it. Motor vehicles for personal use, certain works contracts relating to immovable property, club memberships and goods consumed personally sit in that excluded set. No amount of chasing moves them. Credit tied to an exempt or non-business output is also outside reach.
What it costs is time rather than money. Someone has to reconcile purchase registers against the auto-drafted statement line by line for the periods in question. If an accountant or consultant does that work their fee attracts GST at 18%. The first reconciliation of a neglected year is slow. Every one after it is quick. A qualified chartered accountant should confirm which of your own credits are eligible before you chase any of them.
Who should do this and who should not
A firm with meaningful input purchases and a growing unmatched balance should do it immediately. The entitlement to claim credit for a financial year is not open forever. It closes against a return of a stated period in the following year. The exact cut-off is defined in the Act and has been amended so read it from your adviser. Credit traced after that point is simply gone.
Some firms should not spend a week on this at all. A dealer under the composition scheme is not entitled to input credit in the first place so there is nothing to trace. A business whose entire output is exempt cannot use the credit even once it arrives. And a firm whose unmatched balance is a few thousand rupees across many small suppliers will spend more on professional fees than the credit is worth. Write it off and tighten the process going forward. That is the honest answer even though it is an unsatisfying one.
How to find where it fell out
Start with the auto-drafted statement for each period and set it against your own purchase register. Mark every invoice present in your books and absent from the statement. That list is your actual problem and it is usually much shorter than the owner expects.
Then sort the list by cause. An invoice raised against a wrong or old GSTIN will never reach you and needs the supplier to amend it. An invoice from a supplier who has not filed the outward return needs the supplier to file. A supply recorded with the wrong place of supply lands as the wrong kind of tax. Imports and reverse charge entries follow their own route and will not appear alongside ordinary domestic purchases. A ledger that has been restricted by an officer under the blocking provisions is a separate matter again and needs representation rather than reconciliation.
Finish by writing to each supplier with the invoice number, the date, the amount and the period in which you expected it. Vague reminders produce nothing. A specific line item produces a correction.
Judging whether the exercise worked
The flattering metric is the total credit sitting in your ledger. It rises every month in a growing business and tells you nothing about leakage.
The metric that matters is the aged unmatched value, grouped by supplier, and how long the oldest item has been outstanding. Watch that number fall and watch which suppliers appear on it repeatedly. A supplier whose invoices go missing twice is telling you something about their compliance and about your exposure to them.
The common mistake
Most businesses release the full payment including the tax component before the invoice has appeared in the auto-drafted statement. The supplier then has your money and no pressure to file. Every lever you had is gone at the moment of payment.
This is expensive in a way that compounds. A firm paying out tax on purchases that never land as credit funds the shortfall from its own cash while the statutory window to claim quietly runs down. Agreeing a payment term that holds back the tax portion until the credit is visible changes the economics entirely. Most suppliers accept it because the request is reasonable and because their own buyers ask the same of them.
A note on the rules behind this
The provisions governing eligibility, matching and time limits for input credit have been amended repeatedly since GST began. Nothing here states a deadline for that reason. Treat it as a description of how the mechanism is shaped and have a qualified professional confirm the current position for your own registration.
This guide explains how something works. It is not legal, tax or financial advice, and rules change. Confirm anything regulatory with a qualified professional before you act on it.